Quantum navigation test on X-37B

A quantum inertial sensor on the X-37B will test GPS-free navigation in space for the first time in a real mission.

Quantum Navigation Takes a Leap in Spaceflight

The X-37B space plane will fly for its eighth mission on August 21 2025. On board is a compact quantum inertial sensor that uses atom interferometry to measure motion without external signals. The test aims to show whether quantum navigation can provide reliable guidance when GPS is unavailable or compromised.

Quantum inertial sensors promise higher sensitivity and less drift than traditional devices because they rely on identical atoms that do not wear out. Prior experiments by NASA and the German Space Agency demonstrated the physics in orbit, but the X-37B test would apply the tech to real navigation tasks. If successful, the system could help spacecraft, aircraft, ships and submarines navigate without GPS, boosting resilience for military and civilian missions.

The test marks a shift from lab physics to space ready technology. It signals a broader push to turn quantum sensing from a science project into a tool for operations and exploration.

Alongside benefits, the move invites questions about cost, timelines, and how states manage sensitive tech. As nations race to deploy quantum sensors, transparency and responsible use will shape how this leap is viewed by the public and allies alike.

Highlights

The data gathered will determine whether quantum navigation can safely replace or supplement GPS in future missions.